Toothpastes with RDA values above 250 are potentially damaging to the surfaces of teeth. The abrasive effect of toothpaste is indicated by its RDA value. The polishing of teeth removes stains from tooth surfaces, but has not been shown to improve dental health over and above the effects of the removal of plaque and calculus. Some brands contain powdered white mica, which acts as a mild abrasive, and also adds a cosmetically pleasing glittery shimmer to the paste. Representative abrasives include particles of aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH) 3), calcium carbonate (CaCO 3), magnesium carbonate(MgCo3), sodium bicarbonate, various calcium hydrogen phosphates, various silicas and zeolites, and hydroxyapatite (Ca 5(PO 4) 3OH).Ībrasives, like the dental polishing agents used in dentists' offices, also cause a small amount of enamel erosion which is termed "polishing" action. The removal of plaque inhibits the accumulation of tartar ( calculus) helping to minimize the risk of gum disease. These insoluble particles are designed to help remove plaque from the teeth. Toothpastes are derived from a variety of components, the three main ones being abrasives, fluoride, and detergent.Ībrasives constitute 8-20% of a typical toothpaste. However, the active ingredients in toothpastes are able to prevent dental diseases with regular use. A 2016 systematic review indicated that using toothpaste when brushing the teeth does not necessarily impact the level of plaque removal. Toothpastes may also help to control and remove plaque build-up, promoting healthy gums.
Toothpastes containing fluoride are effective at preventing tooth decay. Toothpastes are generally useful to maintain dental health.
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